The teaching and researching organization of Marxism in Wuhan University can be traced back to early 1950s, at that time, the Teaching and Researching section of Marxism-Leninism was built, and professor Lida, the former president of Wuhan University served as the leader of it after he left Hunan to Wuhan.

In 1960, the Department of Politics was built aiming to cultivate specialist of propaganda and teaching of Marxism. It took the courses of the history of the CPC, international Communist Movement and the basic theories of Marxism-Leninism. The Department also offered undergraduate programs in international communist movement and the history of the CPC.

In 1971, the Teaching and Research section of Political Theories was established, which was composed of the teaching and research unit of Philosophy, Political Economy, the History of International Communist and the History of the CPC. the Section took the public courses for the whole university undergraduates.

In Early 1980, the Teaching and Research unit of Political Theories was reestablished, which renamed as the teaching department of Marxist Basic Theories. It took the courses of political theories for whole university. The department consisted of four teaching and research units and one discipline library, which are the unit of the History of the CPC, Political Economy, Scientific Socialism and Marxist Philosophy.

In 1984, the Department of Political Science was built, it took the whole university's political theories courses, meanwhile, offered undergraduate program in Ideological and Political Education which is the earliest one in the discipline.

In 1986, the Department of Political Science separated into Department of Political Education and Department of politics, the former is composed of teachers who took public theories courses and teachers in the discipline of Ideological and Political Education, the later was merged into Law School.

In December 1992, the School of Political Science and Management was built which consisted of Department of Political Science, of Political Theories and of Ideological and Political Education.

In March 1999, the course of Ideological and Moral Education transfer from Moral Education Research section of Wuhan University to the School of Political Science and Administration, in June, the School of Political Science and Management and Law School were combined into a new Law School.

In January 2001, the School of Political Science and management was established, which was composed of related staff and faculty from law school , Wuhan university, the department of social science, Wuhan university of Hydraulic and electric science, School of humanity and management, Wuhan technical university of surveying and mapping, School of humanity, Hubei medical university. The new school consisted of Department of public Administration, Department of Political Theories, Department of Ideological and Political Education and the Division of Ideological and Moral Education.

In August 2003, the School of Political Science and management, the school of public administration and the school of international relations united as one new school of political science and public administration, which included Department of Political Science and International Relations, Department of Political Theories, Department of Ideological and Political Education and Department of Public Administration.

In July 2011, the School of Marxism was set up, which includes the Department of Basic Theory of Marxism, Department of sinicization of Marxism and Department of ideological and political education.